Formation of political journalism in France
Kushaliyeva Tamiris, 209 group
The origin of French journalism is associated with the emergence of chronicles, compiled in large monasteries, as a rule, annually to Easter. Chronicles reported on the events of church and secular life both in France and in neighboring countries during the year - between the two Pascha.
La Gazette is the first political newspaper in France.
The first ever political periodical, a body of state power. She began to leave in Paris at the court of King Louis 13 since May 1631. The first chief editor was Theophrastus Renaud.
At first La Gazette appeared once a week, its circulation ranged from 300-800 up to 1200 copies. The newspaper published court news, decrees and orders of the government, foreign news (first of all, from neighboring Germany). Event information from Rome, Prague, Constantinople was two weeks old, from Russia - two months.
The first ever political periodical, a body of state power. She began to leave in Paris at the court of King Louis 13 since May 1631. The first chief editor was Theophrastus Renaud.
At first La Gazette appeared once a week, its circulation ranged from 300-800 up to 1200 copies. The newspaper published court news, decrees and orders of the government, foreign news (first of all, from neighboring Germany). Event information from Rome, Prague, Constantinople was two weeks old, from Russia - two months.
Also published and promotional texts, ads.
Louis XIII regularly incognito wrote to the newspaper, not only political articles, but also notes about his military campaigns and exploits. He was, in fact, the first military journalist.
Louis XIII regularly incognito wrote to the newspaper, not only political articles, but also notes about his military campaigns and exploits. He was, in fact, the first military journalist.
"La Gazette" became the first national newspaper. In the middle of the 17th century it was printed in 38 cities of France.
After the death of Renaudo, who was also the director of the reference rewriting Bureau, La Gazette was published by his son, Theophrastus, Renodo the Younger, and later by the grandson of Eusebius Renaud. By 1670 the newspaper had increased the circulation to 4,000 copies. A century later, in 1750, the circulation was approx. 7 800 copies. Since January 1752, it has become known as La Gazette de France. Since April 1752, began to go out on a daily basis. Closed only in the First World War, in 1915.
Formation of an authoritarian concept of printing.
With the advent of La Gazette, an authoritarian concept of press emerged in France.
It is characterized by the following:
After the death of Renaudo, who was also the director of the reference rewriting Bureau, La Gazette was published by his son, Theophrastus, Renodo the Younger, and later by the grandson of Eusebius Renaud. By 1670 the newspaper had increased the circulation to 4,000 copies. A century later, in 1750, the circulation was approx. 7 800 copies. Since January 1752, it has become known as La Gazette de France. Since April 1752, began to go out on a daily basis. Closed only in the First World War, in 1915.
Formation of an authoritarian concept of printing.
With the advent of La Gazette, an authoritarian concept of press emerged in France.
It is characterized by the following:
- The newspaper is the mouthpiece of power, through it not only news is reported, but directives are sent to the places.
- preliminary censorship.
- licensing system.
- truthful information is often sacrificed to the interests of the authorities (ie, a lie acceptable to the authorities).
- vertical structure of the press (national, region, district, city, local, provincial), absence of sensation.
From 1789 to 1794 years. the center of political life in France was the activity of revolutionary legislative bodies: the National Assembly (1789-1791), the Legislative Assembly (1791-1792) and the National Convention. The decisions taken by these bodies immediately influenced the life of the whole country. Thus, for all publications the most important news was a summary of the debates, and the publication of newspapers was adjusted to the schedule of the work of the Assemblies in order to report only the latest news.
